The protests called by the Partido Popular (PP) and Revuelta—the fast-rising conservative youth organisation of Generation Z— were joined by self-employed workers after nationwide mobilisations. Outraged by rising fees and taxes, the demonstrators denounce a fiscal burden that has reached historic highs. Spain is thus entering a climate of dissent that is no longer sector-specific, but fully transversal.

In Madrid, thousands gathered outside the headquarters of governing socialist party PSOE in a protest led by Revuelta, demanding answers as corruption cases continue to close in on the president’s inner circle. The organisation has successfully channelled Gen Z’s political frustration through a message centred on democratic renewal, transparency, and the defence of fundamental freedoms. Their argument is straightforward: if all of the president’s closest allies are implicated in alleged criminal schemes, it is increasingly difficult to claim he knew nothing about an operation that ran for years.

The recent imprisonment of José Luis Ábalos and Koldo García, together with the investigation into Santos Cerdán and the judicial fronts involving the prime minister’s wife and brother, have triggered a national debate: how can the president continue to plead ignorance when all his key associates are under investigation, charged, or already behind bars?