Dr. Eli Bar-On recently explained why most modern long-range ballistic missiles — including those being developed and fielded by Iran — and future hypersonic cruise weapons can only be intercepted by laser interceptors.
INTRODUCTION
Iran’s emerging missiles are extremely fast, maneuvering, precision ballistic warheads with 1–2 ton payloads and enormous kinetic energy; a single such missile can destroy entire neighborhoods. These new missiles can approach via evasive trajectories that bypass existing interception systems (Kelim David, Arrow 2/3).
HOW LASER INTERCEPTION WORKS
A high-power, focused laser beam heats a very small area on the target, like an industrial gas torch but vastly more precise. Laser weapon power is measured in watts (usually kilowatts for laser weapons). Effective interception must occur many kilometers from the laser source so the beam can heat or detonate the target within 1–3 seconds. Weapon capability is gauged by power density on target (kW/cm²). CSBA estimates required power density for rapid defeat at ~23 kW/cm².
U.S. roadmap and power tiers
U.S. planning groups classify laser power tiers:
• 1–100 kW — counter drones, rockets (tactical)
• 300–500 kW — counter cruise missiles, base defense (tactical)
• ~1,000 kW (megawatt class) — defense against ballistic and hypersonic missiles (strategic)