Although they are not a direct party to the fighting, they find themselves in the line of fire – security, diplomatic and political. The war reveals how limited their strategic space is, and how much they are required to balance their security needs with complex geopolitical interests.

Since the outbreak of the war, thousands of missiles and drones have been launched at Israel and the countries of the region, including the Gulf states. Some of them have hit civilian infrastructure and vital facilities. 

This is not just a military escalation, but an expression of a broader Iranian strategy designed to widen the circle of conflict. From Tehran's perspective, attacking nearby countries could create political and economic pressure on the United States, thereby helping to force an end to the war.