AMBASSADOR (RET.) YORAM ETTINGER -- *The 2025 Threat Assessments issued by the US Department of Homeland Security, the FBI and the Director of National Intelligence state: “China, Russia and Iran will remain the most pressing foreign threats to our critical infrastructure…. We expect [non-nuclear] Iran to remain the primary sponsor of terrorism and continue its efforts to advance plots against individuals – including current and former US officials – in the United States…. China, Iran, and Russia will use a blend of subversive, criminal, and coercive tactics to undermine confidence in US democratic institutions….”

*In March, 2025, Iran, China, and Russia challenged the US’ strategic posture in the Persian Gulf and the Indian Ocean, conducting another joint naval drill in the Gulf of Oman, which is critical to the global supply of oil, a vital trade route between Asia and Europe, and an epicenter of anti-US Islamic terrorism. Iran’s rogue collaboration with China and Russia extends beyond the Persian Gulf and the Indian Ocean all the way to Africa, Latin America and the US homeland. In addition, the military, financial and diplomatic cooperation with Russia and China has bolstered Iran’s mastery in economic sanctions evasion, which includes deceptive oil shipping practices.

*According to UANI (United Against Nuclear Iran), ”Since the 1979 Islamic Revolution, China has been willing to sell arms, ballistic missile components, and anti-access/area denial weapons systems to Iran. In the 1980s and 1990s, China provided Iran with nuclear technology and know-how that assisted its development of a nuclear weapons program…. China has steeply increased the quantity of its oil purchases from Tehran and as the main purchaser of Iranian oil, enjoys considerable leverage over Tehran….