Name of the organization: ISIS
The secret of the organization: terrorists, religious, violent
Belonging ideology: jihad, radical radical Islam, selfies
Place of Origin: Iraq
Founded in: 2013
Founder: Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi
Place of activity: Iraq, Syria, Egypt, Libya, Algeria, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Nigeria, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Turkey, Central Africa, Mali, Niger, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Mozambique, and the North Caucasus. Beyond that, the terrorist group has carried out attacks in Lebanon, France, Belgium, Bangladesh, Morocco, Indonesia, Malaysia, Tunisia and Kuwait.

Overview

ISIS is an extremist group formed by al-Qaeda members who carried out attacks in Iraq and Syria. Since its establishment in 2013, ISIS has worked to establish an Islamic caliphate declared in eastern Syria and western Iraq (the idea of ??an Islamic caliphate is to establish a state according to the prophets In the end, ISIS wants to unite the world under a single caliphate, and to that end the group began to establish terrorist operations in nine countries. Since then it has accelerated further as a result of the Syrian civil war, recruiting up to 33,000 fighters from around the world.It is estimated that thousands of foreign ISIS fighters were killed in battle, while some returned - or plan to return - to their homelands.

ISIS sources are members of al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI), founded by terrorist Abu Musab al-Zarqawi. During and after the Iraq war, the group experienced a series of systemic changes, during the entire period of the war they were under the name "Islamic State in Iraq" (ISIS). In June 2014, the group - then led by Iraqi terrorist Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi - declared a unilateral move by a caliphate spanning eastern Syria and western Iraq, calling Baghdadi its "caliph." In his first speech as a caliph, Baghdadi made it clear that ISIS 'aspirations were not limited to one area, and said that the group sought to establish rule over all Muslims. As a result, the organization changed its name from "Islamic State of Iraq and Syria" (or "Islamic State of Iraq and Al-Sham") to "Islamic State."

Although ISIS controlled large areas of territory throughout Iraq and Syria at the height of its territorial control in the summer of 2014, the group lost its last territorial holdings during 2017. At its peak, ISIS controlled nearly 40% of Iraqi territory. In April 2017, U.S.-backed Iraqi forces reduced ISIS control of the country by at least seven percent. On July 10, 2017, the Iraqi government announced the release of the second-largest city in Mosul, where Baghdadi had declared an ISIS caliphate three years earlier. Release of Rawa, Iraq (November 17) - Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi declares military victory over ISIS in Iraq. In June 2017, US-backed forces began an offensive to flee ISIS from its declared capital, Barka. Syria. On October 17, 2017, US-backed forces announced the release of Raka and on November 21, Iranian President Hassan Rouhani announced that ISIS had been expelled from Syria by Iran-backed forces. In December 2018, ISIS still maintained a small foothold in the town of Goz in Syria along the Syrian-Iraqi border. In March 2019, US-backed Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) launched an offensive against ISIS forces in Booz and recaptured the city.

Despite ISIS 'territorial losses, security officials say ISIS will remain a threat and lead to a continuing uprising in the region. In February 2021, Mazloum Abdi, the SDF commander-in-chief, reported that ISIS was "trying to revive itself" and continued to threaten regional and global security. According to a February 2021 report by the U.S. Department of Defense, ISIS remains a "cohesive organization and continues to operate as a low-level insurgency in Iraq and Syria," while its strategy, capabilities and group cohesion "remain virtually unchanged." The report also stated that while the international coalition and its local partners prevented ISIS from advancing but they failed to harm ISIS to the point where it no longer posed a threat. Observers in Europe claim ISIS remains a threat on the continent, albeit to a lesser extent than it did when it maintained its caliphate. ISIS no longer has the capacity to launch large-scale attacks in Europe, but it continues to encourage people to carry out smaller attacks such as stabbings and vehicle attacks.

The Doctrine of ISIS

ISIS's overarching goals focus on re-establishing a global, Islamic caliphate and cultivating a violent conflict between Muslims and non-Muslims. In October 2015, then-ISIS spokesman Abu Muhammad al-Adnani issued a statement urging Muslims around the world to engage in a "holy war" against Russia and the United States, which he claimed was leading a "Crusader war against Muslims." In Iraq its declared capital is in the town of Raqqa, Syria, but unlike al-Qaeda, which sees a global caliphate as a long-term goal, the establishment of an Islamic caliphate has remained a core issue of ISIS since its official establishment in June 2014. Throughout Iraq and Syria, and continue strong territory in Afghanistan, Libya, Nigeria.

Summary

ISIS was defeated in most of the places it controlled, but it lives and kicks in a lot of places it has not had access to or involvement with in the past.
The organization's capabilities are largely extinct, but lone wolf attacks are the new character. Cheap, fast, high success rates.

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